Burns are a frequent accident in many homes. Home burns often start in the kitchen. A hot drink from that kitchen can hurt a small child in a second. But cool water can soothe that hurt. And doctors ask for twenty minutes of water.
烧伤在很多家庭都是一种常发生的意外。家里的烧伤常常始于厨房。那间厨房里的一杯热饮，一秒就能烫伤一个小孩。但凉水能缓解那种伤。而医生要求的是二十分钟的水。
Cool the burn under the tap for twenty minutes. A burn specialist gives the same advice, and that advice is timely. Britain's Red Cross keeps it short: "Cool the burn for at least 20 minutes."
把烧伤放在水龙头下冲二十分钟。一位烧伤专科医生给的建议也是一样，而那条建议是及时的。英国红十字会把话说得很短："至少给烧伤冲 20 分钟凉水。"
Numerous studies have tested that wait. And one large study counted 4,918 burn patients. People with twenty minutes of water had less deep damage. And that saved most patients about two days in hospital.
已有大量研究检验过这段等待。其中一项大研究数了 4,918 名烧伤病人。冲了二十分钟凉水的人，伤得没那深。而这就为大多数病人省下医院里约两天时间。
Burn groups in Britain and Australia teach twenty minutes. But doctors in America teach only five. So one specialist there pushed her city to change that rule. Now the fire team in that city says twenty too.
英国和澳大利亚的烧伤组织教二十分钟。但美国的医生只教五分钟。所以有一位专科医生推动她所在的城市改掉了那条规则。现在那座城市的消防队也说二十分钟。
Ice looks cool, but ice can make a burn worse. And cream does not soothe a burn, so keep both away. Cover the burn with a clean cloth, and keep the body warm. A small child with an injured hand loses heat fast.
冰看着凉，但冰会让烧伤更糟。而面霜也不能缓解烧伤，所以这两样都别用。用一块干净的布盖住烧伤，并让身体保暖。一个小手受伤的小孩散热很快。
Still, the twenty-minute rule misses many homes. In one study, fewer than half of hurt people ran water over the burn. And many chose ice, so those frequent mistakes made the burn worse. Concerned parents can learn one timely rule instead.
不过，这条二十分钟规则漏掉了很多家庭。在一项研究里，不到一半的受伤者给烧伤冲过水。而很多人选了冰，所以那些常犯的失误让烧伤更糟。担心的家长倒是能学到一条及时的规则来代替它。
So one town asked a volunteer first aid teacher to help families. Her card says one thing: count twenty minutes under the tap. An injured child needs water first, and that water needs time.
所以一座小镇请了一位义务急救老师来帮助这些家庭。她的卡片上只写一件事：在水龙头下数二十分钟。受伤的孩子先需要水，而那些水需要时间。